The undergraduate program in earth science includes two options leading to the BS degree, geosciences and geophysics. Both options provide a strong basis for understanding the functioning of the Earth system. Students who are uncertain as to which option best suits their needs should contact a departmental advisor or faculty member. In each option, the undergraduate program emphasizes coursework in theoretical, laboratory and field-oriented aspects of earth science. The nearby Rocky Mountains provide a natural laboratory for many of these courses.
Students interested in earth science may also wish to consider the Baker Residential Academic Program. Students who do not wish to pursue a career in earth science, or who would like to combine a basic knowledge of earth science with that of some other field, should consider using earth science as one subject in a distributed studies major or as a minor. Students who intend to pursue graduate study in earth science are encouraged to consider developing an honors thesis as part of their undergraduate studies.
The two options available in the undergraduate major offer different focus areas of instruction. Both options offer excellent preparation for students interested in pursuing professional careers, or graduate study, in earth science.
Each option emphasizes knowledge in:
- The ways in which Earth responds to internal and external forces; the physical, chemical and biological evolution of Earth; and the nature of the materials of which the Earth is made.
- The role of physics, chemistry, mathematics and biology in understanding geological processes.
- The history of discoveries and ideas that have contributed to our current knowledge of Earth and the planetary system.
Requirements
Required Courses and Credits
Students must complete the general requirements of the College of Arts and Sciences and the required courses listed below.
All required major courses and all required ancillary courses must be passed with a C- or better and cannot be taken pass/fail. Students must have a grade point average of at least 2.000 in the major in order to graduate.
Students must specialize in either the geosciences emphasis or the geophysics emphasis. For more information, view the program tracks section.
Required Courses (Both Emphases)
| Code | Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|
| Tier 1 Trunk Courses | ||
| One of the following introductory ERTH courses | 3 | |
| Exploring Earth | ||
| Exploring Earth for Scientists | ||
| Dodos, Dinos, and Deinococcus: The History of a Habitable Planet | ||
| Geology of Colorado | ||
| Global Change: An Earth Science Perspective | ||
| Water, Energy and Environment: An Introduction to Earth Resources | ||
| Environmental Geoscience: Where Science Meets Society | ||
| Our Deadly Planet | ||
| Our Microbial Planet | ||
| Introductory ERTH laboratory | 1 | |
| Introduction to Earth Science Laboratory 1 | ||
| Tier 2 Trunk coursses | 10 | |
| Planet Earth | ||
| Introduction to Earth Materials | ||
| Introduction to Field Geology | ||
Additional information on required courses and other departmental requirements may be obtained from the departmental office. Students should contact the department for a list of current major requirements.
Transfer students must satisfactorily complete a minimum of 12 credit hours of advanced work (3000-level or above) in the Department of Geological Sciences in Boulder if they wish to obtain a degree in earth sciences from CU Boulder. Before registering for the first time, or within the first week of the semester, such students must see a geological sciences department undergraduate advisor to have previous coursework in geology, math and allied sciences evaluated.
Graduating in Four Years
Consult the Four-Year Guarantee Requirements for information on eligibility. The concept of "adequate progress" as it is used here refers only to maintaining eligibility for the four-year guarantee; it is not a requirement for the major. To maintain adequate progress in earth sciences, students should meet all college requirements plus specific departmental requirements. These departmental requirements vary slightly between the two major options. Detailed information is available from the department office, but in general these requirements include:
- Declare an earth sciences major and begin coursework in the major during the first semester freshman year.
- Meet with a departmental advisor prior to the second and fifth semesters and during the seventh semester.
- Complete at least 33 credit hours (geosciences emphasis; 44 credit hours for geophysics emphasis) required for the major by the end of the fourth semester.
- Complete at least 47 credit hours (geosciences emphasis; 63 credit hours for geophysics emphasis) required for the major by the end of the sixth semester.
- Complete the remaining requirements for the major by the end of the eighth semester.
Program Tracks
Geosciences Emphasis
Students electing the geosciences emphasis are required to take the following additional courses:
| Code | Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|
| Tier 3 Courses | ||
| Select one of the following Solid Earth courses: 3 | 3-4 | |
GEOL 3010 | ||
GEOL 3020 | ||
GEOL 3120 | ||
GEOL 3320 | ||
GEOL 3330 | ||
GEOL 3430 | ||
| Select one of the following Surface Processes courses: 3 | 3-4 | |
GEOL 3030 | ||
GEOL 3320 | ||
GEOL 3410 | ||
GEOL 3430 | ||
GEOL 3820 | ||
| Oceanography | ||
| Paleoclimatology | ||
| Introduction to Biogeochemistry | ||
GEOL 4241 | ||
| Select one of the following Quantitative Geoscience courses: 3 | 3 | |
GEOL 3010 | ||
GEOL 3030 | ||
GEOL 3330 | ||
GEOL 3820 | ||
GEOL 4241 | ||
| Select two of the following advanced-field modules: | 4-5 | |
GEOL 4711 | ||
GEOL 4712 | ||
GEOL 4714 | ||
GEOL 4715 | ||
GEOL 4716 | ||
GEOL 4717 | ||
GEOL 4719 | ||
GEOL 4721 | ||
GEOL 4723 | ||
GEOL 4725 | ||
GEOL 4755 | ||
| Environmental Sampling and Analysis | ||
| Upper-division electives | ||
| Sufficient additional upper-division coursework from following list to total 27 upper-division credits. (Of these 27, a minimum of 18 upper-division credits must be GEOL.) 1 | 14 | |
Any GEOL 3000- to 4000-level course (with exceptions, see footnote) 2 | ||
Or approved non-GEOL courses from following list: | ||
| Scientific Computing in Matlab | ||
| Formation & Dynamics of Planetary Systems | ||
| Planets and Their Atmospheres | ||
| Planets, Moons, and Rings | ||
| Space Science: Practice and Policy 1 | ||
| Atmospheric Dynamics | ||
| Policy Implications of Climate Controversies 1 | ||
| Physical Chemistry 1 | ||
| Water Chemistry | ||
| Mechanics and Dynamics of Glaciers | ||
| Evolutionary Biology | ||
| Animal Diversity: Invertebrates | ||
| Limnology | ||
| Landscape Ecology | ||
| Ecosystem Ecology | ||
| Biological Statistics | ||
| Plant Biodiversity and Evolution | ||
| International Economics and Policy 1 | ||
| Environmental Impact Assessment 1 | ||
| Introduction to Applied Ecology | ||
| Environmental Sampling and Analysis | ||
| Biometeorology | ||
| River Processes and Forms: Fluvial Geomorphology | ||
| Glaciers and Permafrost | ||
| Snow Hydrology | ||
| Soils Geography | ||
| Microbial Diversity and the Biosphere | ||
| Museum Practicum in Geology | ||
| International Law | ||
| Total Credit Hours | 27-30 | |
| Code | Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|
| Ancillary Mathematics and Natural Sciences Coursework for Geosciences Option: | ||
| Select one of the following calculus 1 & 2 sequences: | 8-10 | |
| Calculus 1 and Calculus 2 | ||
| Calculus 1 for Engineers and Calculus 2 for Engineers | ||
| Complete a calculus-based general physics sequence with lab: | ||
| PHYS 1110 | General Physics 1 | 4 |
| PHYS 1120 | General Physics 2 | 4 |
| PHYS 1140 | Experimental Physics 1 | 1 |
| Complete a general chemistry sequence with labs: | ||
| CHEM 1113 | General Chemistry 1 | 4 |
| CHEM 1114 | Laboratory in General Chemistry 1 | 1 |
| CHEM 1133 | General Chemistry 2 | 4 |
| CHEM 1134 | Laboratory in General Chemistry 2 | 1 |
| Total Credit Hours | 27-29 | |
| 1 | A maximum of 3 of these credit hours may consist of a policy course from the following list: ASTR 4800, ATOC 4800, ECON 3403, ENVD 4023 and PSCI 3183. |
| 2 | GEOL 3005 , GEOL 3040, GEOL 3520, GEOL 3720 and GEOL 3950 cannot be used to fulfill the upper-division elective requirements within the major. |
| 3 | Note that some courses are listed in multiple major specific categories. Students can choose which category to apply the course to but, a given course can be applied to only one category. |
Geophysics Emphasis
Students electing the geophysics option are required to take the following additional courses:
| Code | Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|
| Required Courses | ||
| ERTH 3120 | Structural Geology | 4 |
| ERTH 3330 | Principles of Geophysics | 3 |
| ERTH 4714 | Field Geophysics | 2 |
| Surface Processes 1 | 3-4 | |
| Choose one: | ||
| Introduction to Hydrogeology | ||
or ERTH 3320 | Introduction to Geochemistry | |
or ERTH 3410 | Paleobiology | |
or ERTH 3430 | Sedimentology and Stratigraphy | |
or ERTH 3820 | The Fluid Earth | |
or ERTH 4241 | Earth Surface Processes | |
| One additional Tier 3 approved ERTH course not used to satisfy Surface Processes course requirement. 1 | 3-4 | |
| Non-ERTH Geophysics courses 2 | ||
| Complete the two following physics courses | 6 | |
| Introduction to Quantum Mechanics and Its Applications | ||
| Classical Mechanics and Mathematical Methods 1 | ||
| Select two of the following non-ERTH Geophysics Advanced Elective courses: | 6 | |
| Methods in Applied Mathematics: Fourier Series and Boundary Value Problems | ||
| Partial Differential Equations | ||
| Classical Mechanics and Mathematical Methods 2 | ||
| Principles of Electricity and Magnetism 1 | ||
| Total Credit Hours | 27-29 | |
| 1 | Note that some courses are listed in multiple major specific categories. Students can choose which category to apply the course to but, a given course can be applied to only one category. |
| 2 | The non-ERTH courses in this category count toward the credits in the Earth Science BS and are factored into the major GPA. |
| Code | Title | Credit Hours |
|---|---|---|
| Ancillary Mathematics, Natural Science and Computing Coursework for the Geophysics Emphasis | ||
| Complete one of the following calculus 1, 2 and 3 sequences: | 12-15 | |
| Calculus 1 and Calculus 2 and Calculus 3 | ||
| Calculus 1 for Engineers and Calculus 2 for Engineers and Calculus 3 for Engineers | ||
| Complete linear algebra and differential equations: | 4-6 | |
| Introduction to Linear Algebra for Non-Mathematics Majors and Ordinary Differential Equations | ||
or APPM 2360 | Introduction to Differential Equations with Linear Algebra | |
| Complete a calculus-based general physics sequence with lab: | 9 | |
| General Physics 1 | ||
| General Physics 2 | ||
| Experimental Physics 1 | ||
| Complete general chemistry 1 with lab: | 5 | |
| General Chemistry 1 | ||
| Laboratory in General Chemistry 1 | ||
| Complete one computing course: | 3-4 | |
| Python for Math and Data Science Applications | ||
| Scientific Computing in Matlab | ||
| Introduction to Scientific Programming | ||
| Introduction to Computational Thinking | ||
| Computer Science 1: Starting Computing | ||
| Introduction to Python Programming for Earth Scientists (Preferred) | ||
| Programming for Information Science 1 | ||
| Introduction to Programming and Scientific Computing | ||
| Total Credit Hours | 33-39 | |
Plan(s) of Study
Geosciences Emphasis
Through the required coursework for either track of the major, students will fulfill all 12 credits of the Natural Sciences area of the Gen Ed Distribution Requirement including the Lab Requirement, as well as the QRMS area of the Gen Ed Skills area.
| Year One | ||
|---|---|---|
| Fall Semester | Credit Hours | |
| GEOL 1012 | Preferred | 3 |
| GEOL 1030 | 1 | |
| CHEM 1113 & CHEM 1114 | General Chemistry 1 and Laboratory in General Chemistry 1 | 5 |
| Gen. Ed. Skills course (example: Lower-Division Written Communication) | 3 | |
| Gen. Ed. Distribution/Diversity course (example: Arts & Humanities/US Perspective) | 3 | |
| Credit Hours | 15 | |
| Spring Semester | ||
| GEOL 2005 | 4 | |
| CHEM 1133 & CHEM 1134 | General Chemistry 2 and Laboratory in General Chemistry 2 | 5 |
| MATH 1300 or APPM 1350 | Calculus 1 or Calculus 1 for Engineers | 4-5 |
| Elective | 3 | |
| Credit Hours | 16-17 | |
| Year Two | ||
| Fall Semester | ||
| GEOL 2001 | 4 | |
| GEOL 2700 | 2 | |
| MATH 2300 or APPM 1360 | Calculus 2 or Calculus 2 for Engineers | 4-5 |
| Gen. Ed. Distribution course (example: Arts & Humanities) | 3 | |
| Gen. Ed. Distribution/Diversity course (example: Social Sciences/Global Perspective) | 3 | |
| Credit Hours | 16-17 | |
| Spring Semester | ||
| GEOL Surface Processes course | 3-4 | |
| GEOL Solid Earth course | 3-4 | |
| PHYS 1110 | General Physics 1 | 4 |
| Elective | 3 | |
| Elective | 3 | |
| Credit Hours | 16-18 | |
| Year Three | ||
| Fall Semester | ||
| PHYS 1120 | General Physics 2 | 4 |
| PHYS 1140 | Experimental Physics 1 | 1 |
| Elective approved for GEOL major - Upper-division | 3-4 | |
| Gen. Ed. Distribution course (example: Social Sciences) | 3 | |
| Upper-division Elective | 3 | |
| Credit Hours | 14-15 | |
| Spring Semester | ||
| GEOL Quantitative Geoscience course | 3-4 | |
| GEOL 4000-level Field Geology course | 2-3 | |
| Gen. Ed. Skills course (example: Upper-division Written Communication) | 3 | |
| Gen. Ed. Distribution course (example: Arts & Humanities) | 3 | |
| Upper-division Elective | 3 | |
| Credit Hours | 14-16 | |
| Year Four | ||
| Fall Semester | ||
| GEOL 4000-level Field Geology course | 2 | |
| Elective approved for GEOL major - Upper-division | 3-4 | |
| Gen. Ed. Distribution course (example: Social Sciences) | 3 | |
| Gen. Ed. Distribution course (example: Arts & Humanities) - Upper-division | 3 | |
| Upper-division Elevtive | 3 | |
| Credit Hours | 14-15 | |
| Spring Semester | ||
| Elective approved for GEOL major - Upper-division | 3-4 | |
| Elective approved for GEOL major - Upper-division | 3-4 | |
| Elective approved for GEOL major - Upper-division | 3-4 | |
| Gen. Ed. Distribution course (example: Social Sciences) | 3 | |
| Upper-division Elective | 3-0 | |
| Credit Hours | 15 | |
| Total Credit Hours | 120-128 | |
Geophysics Emphasis
Through the required coursework for either track of the major, students will fulfill all 12 credits of the Natural Sciences area of the Gen Ed Distribution Requirement including the Lab Requirement, as well as the QRMS area of the Gen Ed Skills area.
| Year One | ||
|---|---|---|
| Fall Semester | Credit Hours | |
| ERTH 1012 | Exploring Earth for Scientists | 3 |
| ERTH 1030 | Introduction to Earth Science Laboratory 1 | 1 |
| CHEM 1113 & CHEM 1114 | General Chemistry 1 and Laboratory in General Chemistry 1 | 5 |
| Gen. Ed. Skills course (example: Lower-Division Written Communication) | 3 | |
| Gen. Ed. Distribution/Diversity course (example: Arts & Humanities/US Perspective) | 3 | |
| Credit Hours | 15 | |
| Spring Semester | ||
| ERTH 2005 | Introduction to Earth Materials | 4 |
| MATH 1300 or APPM 1350 | Calculus 1 or Calculus 1 for Engineers | 4-5 |
| PHYS 1110 | General Physics 1 | 4 |
| Gen. Ed. Distribution course (example: Social Sciences) | 3 | |
| Credit Hours | 15-16 | |
| Year Two | ||
| Fall Semester | ||
| ERTH 2001 | Planet Earth | 4 |
| MATH 2300 or APPM 1360 | Calculus 2 or Calculus 2 for Engineers | 4-5 |
| PHYS 1120 | General Physics 2 | 4 |
| PHYS 1140 | Experimental Physics 1 | 1 |
| Gen. Ed. Distribution/Diversity course (example: Social Sciences/Global Perspective) | 3 | |
| Credit Hours | 16-17 | |
| Spring Semester | ||
| ERTH 2700 | Introduction to Field Geology | 2 |
| PHYS 2130 | Introduction to Quantum Mechanics and Its Applications | 3 |
| MATH 2400 or APPM 2350 | Calculus 3 or Calculus 3 for Engineers | 4-5 |
| Gen. Ed. Distribution course (example: Social Sciences) | 3 | |
| Gen. Ed. Distribution course (example: Arts & Humanities) | 3 | |
| Credit Hours | 15-16 | |
| Year Three | ||
| Fall Semester | ||
| ERTH 3120 | Structural Geology | 4 |
| APPM 2360 or MATH 2130 | Introduction to Differential Equations with Linear Algebra or Introduction to Linear Algebra for Non-Mathematics Majors | 3-4 |
| Geophysics Programming Requirement (ERTH 3600 is preferred) | 3-4 | |
| Gen. Ed. Distribution course (example: Social Sciences - Upper-division) | 3 | |
| Gen. Ed. Distribution course (example: Arts & Humanities) | 3 | |
| Credit Hours | 16-18 | |
| Spring Semester | ||
| ERTH surface processes course | 3-4 | |
| ERTH 3330 | Principles of Geophysics | 3 |
| PHYS 2210 | Classical Mechanics and Mathematical Methods 1 | 3 |
| Gen. Ed. Skills course (example: Upper-division Written Communication) | 3 | |
| Upper Division Elective | 3 | |
| Credit Hours | 15-16 | |
| Year Four | ||
| Fall Semester | ||
| ERTH 4714 | Field Geophysics | 2 |
| Non-ERTH Geophysics Advanced Elective PHYS 3210, PHYS 3310, MATH 470, or APPM 4350 | 3 | |
| Upper-division Elective | 3 | |
| Upper-division Elective | 3 | |
| Upper-division Elective | 3 | |
| Credit Hours | 14 | |
| Spring Semester | ||
| ERTH Geophysics Advanced Elective | 3-4 | |
| Non-ERTH Geophysics Advanced Elective PHYS 3210, PHYS 3310, MATH 470, or APPM 4350 | 3 | |
| Gen. Ed. Distribution course (example: Arts & Humanities - Upper-Division) | 3 | |
| Upper-division Elective | 3 | |
| Elective or Upper-division Elective (if needed) | 3 | |
| Credit Hours | 15-16 | |
| Total Credit Hours | 121-128 | |
Learning Outcomes
By the completion of the program, students will be able to:
- Make and record observations (e.g., in the field, from experiments, etc.).
- Analyze data
- Interpret data
- Reason through problems to derive solutions
- Design a research study
Bachelor's–Accelerated Master's Degree Program(s)
The bachelor's–accelerated master's (BAM) degree program options offer currently enrolled CU Boulder undergraduate students the opportunity to receive a bachelor's and master's degree in a shorter period of time. Students receive the bachelor's degree first but begin taking graduate coursework as undergraduates (typically in their senior year).
Because some courses are allowed to double count for both the bachelor's and the master's degrees, students receive a master's degree in less time and at a lower cost than if they were to enroll in a standalone master's degree program after completion of their baccalaureate degree. In addition, staying at CU Boulder to pursue a bachelor's–accelerated master's program enables students to continue working with their established faculty mentors.
BS and MS in Earth Science
Admission Requirements
In order to gain admission to the BAM program named above, a student must meet the following criteria:
- Have a cumulative GPA of 3.000 or higher.
- Have at least junior class standing.
- Have completed all ancillary (math, physics and chemistry) prerequisite courses with a passing grade at the time of admission.
Program Requirements
Students may take up to and including 12 graduate credit hours while in the undergraduate program which can later be used toward the master's degree. However, only six credit hours may be double counted toward the bachelor's degree and the master's degree. Students must maintain a 3.000 GPA while in the BAM program.
Students must apply to graduate with the bachelor's degree and apply to continue with the master's degree early in the semester in which the undergraduate requirements will be completed.